FUSED GLASS

Fused glass is glass that has been fired (heat-processed) in a kiln at a range of high temperatures from 1,099 °F to 1,501 °F.  There are 3 main distinctions for temperature application and the resulting effect on the glass.

Firing in the lower ranges of these temperatures 1,099–1,251 °F is called slumping. 

Firing in the middle ranges of these temperatures 1,251–1,350 °F is considered "tack fusing". 

Firing the glass at the higher part of this range 1,350–1,501 °F is commonly described as a "full fuse".

All of these techniques can be applied to one glass work in separate firings to add depth, relief and shape.

While the precise origins of glass fusing techniques are not known with certainty, there is archeological evidence that the Egyptians were familiar with techniques ca. 2000 BCE. Although this date is generally accepted by researchers, some historians argue that the earliest fusing techniques were first developed by the Romans, who were much more prolific glassworkers. Fusing was the primary method of making small glass objects for approximately 2,000 years, until the development of the glass blowpipe. Glassblowing largely supplanted fusing due to its greater efficiency and utility.

While glass working in general enjoyed a revival during the Renaissance, fusing was largely ignored during this period. Fusing began to regain popularity in the early part of the 20th century, particularly in the U.S. during the 1960s. Modern glass fusing gaining popularity in the world of fine art.